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Does God exist? This is the question I’ve constantly discussed with Atheist academics.  The discussion is often put forward in different guises but the premise is always the same; does God exist and what evidence is there to support this belief? In fact, I would argue that we don’t need any evidence for God’s existence.  […]

Does fine-tuning need an explanation? Someone might say, ‘the universe just is, why is an explanation needed for fine-tuning?’ Imagine a universe-creating machine, like a giant safe with two types of dials.  There are dials that fix the settings for laws of physics, the constants, and the initial conditions, like gravity, electromagnetism, and the nuclear

What is Fine Tuning? Over the past century, scientists have discovered that if certain properties of the universe were changed very slightly from what they are, we would not be here.  They have to be within a very narrow range for our universe to make life possible and be habitable. The universe is fine-tuned for

1.    After exhausting all possible mutually exhaustive causative explanations, fine-tuning of our universe is best explained to be the “design” of an immensely knowledgeable and powerful Creator. Divine creation, not chance, is the most compelling and reasonable explanation for the fine-tuning of the universe. 2.    Multiverse hypothesis is highly speculative, but even if true, it would not conflict with belief in God. 3.    The reason

First, it is important to know what naturalism is.  Naturalism is the belief that only natural explanations (as opposed to supernatural ones) should be considered.  Because a designer/Creator is supernatural and beyond nature, naturalism rules out this explanation, regardless of evidence. Therefore, due to the fact that no natural explanation has been found for fine-tuning, some physicists make recourse to a multiverse (multiple

To many people the evidence of fine-tuning immediately suggests divine creation as the explanation.  Even some atheists, at times, could not resist admitting this commonsense interpretation.  Theoretical physicist and popular science writer Paul Davies wrote, ‘The impression of design is overwhelming.’[1]  After discovering one of the first cases of fine-tuning, the late astrophysicist, Fred Hoyle declared,

Three Objections to Fine-Tuning[1] 1.Someone might say, ‘but if the constants and initial values had been different, maybe different forms of life might have evolved.’ By ‘life’ scientists mean the property of organisms to take food, convert it into energy, grow, adapt to their environment, and reproduce.  In order for life to exist, constants and

First, physicists identify four fundamental forces of nature.  In terms of increasing strength, they are gravity (G0), weak force (1031 G0), electromagnetic force (1037 G0), and the strong nuclear force (1040G0). Second, since extreme examples of fine-tuning deal with extraordinarily large numbers, we need to have an idea of just how big they are.  It will give us some

1.  Fine-Tuning to Allow a Habitable Planet When we think of the specific conditions that are needed nearer home in our solar system and on earth, we find that there are a host of parameters that must be just right in order for life to be possible.  A number of factors must be fine-tuned in

2.  Fine-Tuning of the Constants What is a constant? What is meant are the constants of physics.  When the laws of nature are expressed as mathematical equations, like the force of gravity, the electromagnetic force, and the subatomic ‘weak’ force, you find certain symbols in them that stand for numbers that don’t change.  These unchanging